马来西亚

Disinfectant Efficacy Tests  According to the European Norms
Bactericidal Tests
1	EN 1040
Medical Area
2	EN 13727+A2
3	EN 14561
Veterinary Area
4	EN 1656
5	EN 14349
Food, Industrial, Domestic & Institutional Area
6	EN 1276
7	EN 13697
Tuberculocidal & Mycobactericidal Tests
Medical Area
8	EN 14348
9	EN 14563
10	EN 14204
Yeasticidal & Fungicidal Tests
11	EN 1275
Medical Area
12	EN 13624
13	EN 14562
Veterinary Area
14	EN 1657
15	EN 16438
Food,Industrial,Domestic & Institutional Area
16	EN 1650+A1
17	EN 13697
Virucidal Tests
Medical Area
18	EN 14476+A1
Veterinary Area
19	EN 14675
Sporicidal Tests
Food,Industrial,Domestic & Institutional Area
20	EN 13704
Tests for Hand Hygiene Products
21	EN 1499
22	EN 1500
23	EN 12791
Others
24	EN 16615
The One Norm Every Manufacturer Of Disinfectants  in Europe should Know
	EN 14885
Material Compatibility Testing
	EN ISO 21530

Take Your Pick From a List of 129 Test  Microorganisms Available at Viroxy

Bacteria

Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Acinetobacter baumanni multi-drug resistant

Acinetobacter lwoffii

Aeromonas caviae

Aeromonas hydrophila

Alcaligenes faecalis

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Brevundimonas diminuta

Burkholderia cepacia

Citrobacter freundii

Corynebacterium minutissimum

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica

Enterobacter aerogenes

Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae

Enterobacter gergoviae

Enterobacter hormaechei

Enterococcus casseliflavus

Enterococcus faecalis

Enterococcus faecium

Enterococcus faecium vancomycin resistant

Enterococcus gallinarum

Enterococcus hirae

Enterococcus raffinosus

Escherichia coli ATCC 10536

Escherichia coli (Migula)

Escherichia coli K12

Escherichia coli NCTC 8196

Escherichia coli O157:H7

Haemophilus influenzae

Klebsiella oxytoca

Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae

Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae ESBL positive

Kocuria rhizophila

Kocuria rosea

Leclercia adecarboxylata

Listeria innocua

Listeria monocytogenes

Micrococcus luteus

Moraxella catarrhalis

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Pantoea agglomerans (Enterobacter agglomerans)

Proteus mirabilis

Proteus vulgaris ATCC 13315

Proteus vulgaris NCTC 4635

Proteus vulgaris OX19

Providencia alcalifaciens

Providencia stuartii

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 6749

Ralstonia insidiosa

Salmonella bongori

Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Choleraesuis

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium

Serratia liquefaciens

Serratia marcescens

Shigella boydii

Shigella flexneri

Shigella sonnei

Sphingomonas paucimobilis

Staphylococcus aereus ATCC 6538

Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 4163

Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (MRSA)

Staphylococcus capitis

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Staphylococcus epidermidis methicillin resistant

Staphylococcus haemolyticus SM131

Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp. aprophyticus

Staphylococcus sciuri subsp. sciuri

Staphylococcus simulans

Staphylococcus warneri

Stenotrophomonas maltophila

Streptococcus agalactiae

Streptococcus bovis

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

Streptococcus gallolyticus

Streptococcus mutans

Streptococcus oralis

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus salivarius

Streptococcus uberis (Diernhofer)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica

Bacterial Spores

Bacillus cereus

Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus pumilus

Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii

Clostridium difficile

Clostridium sporogenes

Yeasts

Candida albicans

Candida glabrata

Candida guilliermondii

Candida krusei

Candida lusitaniae

Candida parapsilosis

Candida tropicalis

Cryptococcus gattii

Cryptococcus neoformas

Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Fungi

Aspergillus brasiliensis

Aspergillus fumigatus

Aspergillus ustus

Aureobasidium pullulans var. melanigenum

Cladosporium cladosporiodes

Microsporum canis

Penicillium chrysogenum

Scopulariopsis acremonium

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Trichosporon mucoides

Zygosaccharomyces rouxii

Mycobacteria

Mycobacterium avium

Mycobacterium bovis

Mycobacterium fortuitum subsp. fortuitum

Mycobacterium peregrinum

Mycobacterium smegmatis

Mycobacterium terrae

Enveloped Viruses

Bovine viral diarrhea virus strain NADL

Feline coronavirus, strain Munich

Human herpesvirus 1, strain F

Vaccinia virus, strain MVA

Non-Enveloped Viruses

Adenovirus type 5, strain Adenoid 75

Bovine Enterovirus type 1

Murine Norovirus, strain S99 Berlin

Poliovirus type 1, LSc-2ab

Porcine parvovirus, strain NADL-2

NO	STRAIN	REFERENCE  CULTURE	DESCRIPTION
1	Acinetobacter baumannii, multidrug-resistant	ATCC BAA-1605	Antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Survives a wide range  of environmental conditions for prolonged periods. Causes HAIs such as  pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infection and wound infection.
2	Campylobacter coli, fluoroquinolone-resistant	ATCC BAA-370	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in the intestinal tract of animals.  Causes inflammation of the intestine and diarrhoea in animals and humans.  Usually treated with antibiotics, however fluoroquinolone-resistant strain is  causing serious antibiotic-resistance concern.
3	Enterococcus faecalis, antibiotic-resistant strain	ATCC 51575	Gram-positive bacteria found in human gastrointestinal tract. Increasing  resistance to vancomycin detected. Frequently found in re-infected root  canal treated teeth and are known to survive harsh conditions.
4	Enterococcus faecium, vancomycin-resistant	ATCC 700221	Antimicrobial-resistant Enterococci variant. Not generally virulent but resistance to antimicrobial drugs complicates treatment. Causes urinary  tract infections, bacteremia.
5	Escherichia coli, antibiotic- resistant strain	ATCC BAA-2469	Gram-negative bacteria found in human gastrointestinal tract expelled  through fecal matter. Some strains are resistant to a broad spectrum of  carbapenem and colistin antibiotics (often used as a last resort antibiotic).
6	Haemophilus influenzae, ampicillin-resistant	ATCC 43335	Gram-negative bacteria often found in the upper respiratory system of  humans. Opportunistic pathogen to have gained resistance to penicillin  family of antibiotics.
7	Helicobacter pylori, clarithromycin-resistant	ATCC 700684	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in the stomach. Linked to  duodenal ulcers and stomach cancer and identified as the main cause of  gastroduodenal diseases. Resistant to clarithromycin.
8	Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant	NCTC 13438	Gram-negative bacteria found in the normal flora of the mouth, skin and  intestines. Causes bloody sputum if inhaled by humans and animals. Often  resistant to multiple antibiotics and now carbapenem.
9	Kocuria rhizophila, streptomycin-resistant	ATCC 9341a	Gram-positive bacteria commonly found in the environment, the human skin  and oropharynx mucosa. Causes sepsis. Possible infection when in contact  with contaminated meat and dust.
10	Neisseria gonorrhoeae, cephalosporin-resistant	CDC SPL-4	Gram-negative bacteria that causes infection of the genitals, throat and  eyes. Resistant to penicillin. Current treatment is with cephalosporin. Efforts  to develop vaccine is underway.
11	Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant	ATCC BAA-2108	Gram-negative bacteria that causes pneumonia, bloodstream infections,  surgical site infections and urinary tract infections. Carbapenem is the ‘last  line of defence’ against gram-negative bacteria but is increasingly ineffective against
12	Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (MR5A)	ATCC 33591	Antimicrobial-resistant variant of S. aureus. Causes skin and soft-tissue  infections and a serious form of pneumonia. Opportunistic pathogen and  common cause of HAIs.
13	Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, gentamicin and methicilin-resistant	ATCC 33592	Gram-positive bacteria known to cause nosocomial infection. Almost entirely  resistant against methicillin (MRSA). The emergence of gentamicin resistant species (GS-MRSA) is now a global issue.
14	Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, methicillin- resistant; reduced  vancomycin susceptibility	ATCC 700699	MRSA with reduced Vancomycin susceptibility (VISA) has been reported  in several countries. VISA isolates are rare, but some strains have been  discovered to have a subpopulation of resistant cells (heterogeneous VISA- hVISA).
15	Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin- resistant	ATCC 51625	Antimicrobial-resistant variant of S. epidermidis. Causes infection in those  with catheters or surgical implants as the pathogen forms biofilms that grow  on these devices.
16	Streptococcus pneumoniae, low level penicillin- resistant	ATCC49619	Gram-positive bacteria that is a clone of S. pneumoniae emerging from  Switzerland. Leading cause of potentially life-threatening community acquired diseases.
17	Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin-resistant	ATCC 700903	Most common cause of community-acquired respiratory-tract infection, causing meningitis and otitis media. Many isolates develop multidrug  resistant species (MDRSP) causing huge problems in healthcare facilities.

LIST OF VIRUSES
No	Strain	Reference Culture	Description
Virus (Enveloped)
1	Bovine viral diarrhea virus  (BVDV), strain NADL	ATCC VR-534	An enveloped virus that typically causes abortions, stillbirth, weak newborns, foetal resorption and congenital abnormalities  in cattle.
2	Feline coronavirus, strain Munich	FLI-RVB-1259	An enveloped virus highly prevalent in cats. Responsible for  feline infectious peritonitis, a highly fatal disease.
3	Human coronavirus, strain 229E	ATCC VR-740	An enveloped virus that typically cause mild to moderate upper- respiratory tract illnesses, such as common cold. Can sometimes cause lower-respiratory tract illnesses, such as  pneumonia or bronchitis.
4	Human cytomegalovirus, strain AD-169	ATCC VR-538	An enveloped virus that is transmitted through mucous membrane contact. Leads to encephalitis, retinitis, hepatitis, nephritis and colitis.
5	Human herpesvirus 1, strainF	ATCC VR-733	A highly contagious virus. Most infections are oral herpes  acquired during childhood and they last lifelong. Symptoms  include blisters or open sores in or around the mouth.
6	Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), strain long	ATCC VR-26	An enveloped virus known to cause acute lower respiratory tract infections in children younger than 2 years. Transmitted when droplets of cough or sneeze are transferred to the eyes, nose or mouth.
7	Human simplex virus 2, strain G	ATCC VR-734	HSV-2 infection is widespread throughout the world and is  almost exclusively sexually transmitted, causing genital herpes. It is mainly transmitted during sex, through contact with genital surfaces, skin, sores or fluids of someone infected with the virus.
8	Influenza A virus (H1N1), strain A/Swine/1976/31	ATCC VR-1682	An enveloped virus that causes influenza in birds including domestic poultry and some mammals. On occasion, aquatic  birds pass the virus to domestic poultry, giving rise to human influenza pandemics.
9	Influenza A virus (H3N2), strain Hong Kong	ATCC VR-544	An enveloped virus that causes influenza in birds including domestic poultry and some mammals. On occasion, aquatic  birds pass the virus to domestic poultry, giving rise to human influenza pandemics.
10	Influenza B virus, strain B/Hong Kong/5/72	ATCC VR-823	An enveloped virus that causes seasonal influenza which is  characterized by a sudden onset of fever, cough (usually dry), headache, muscle and joint pain, severe malaise (feeling unwell), sore throat, and a runny nose. Seasonal influenza spreads easily, with rapid transmission in crowded areas.
11	Measles virus, strain Edmonston	ATCC VR-24	An enveloped virus that causes diseases known as measles, which presents as a high fever with cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. Serious complications include blindness, encephalitis, severe diarrhoea, and pneumonia.
12	Mumps virus, strain Jones	ATCC VR-1438	An enveloped virus that causes a well known common childhood disease characterized by swelling of one or both parotid glands, often accompanied by more serious  complications, such as meningitis, pancreatitis, or orchitis.
13	Vaccinia virus, strain MVA	ATCC VR-1508	An enveloped virus that causes smallpox, an illness  characterized by the eruption of small pock-like lesions  throughout the skin and internal organs. Was eventually responsible for the eradication of smallpox.
14	Varicella zoster virus, strain Ellen	ATCC VR-1367	Primary infection leads to acute varicella or “chickenpox”. After  initial infection, VZV establishes lifelong latency in cranial nerve and dorsal root ganglia, and can reactivate years to decades later as herpes zoster (HZ) or “shingles”.
15	Adenovirus type 5, strain adenoid 75	ATCC VR-5	A non-enveloped virus that causes conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, myocarditis, and pneumonia. Virus is  endemic in the general population and frequently infects  immunocompromised patients, especially pediatric patients.
16	Bovine enterovirus type 1 (ECBO), strain LCR-4	ATCC VR-248	A non-enveloped virus that causes reproductive, gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in cattle. Most have low virulence.
17	Hepatitis A virus, strain HM  175	ATCC VR-2093	A non-enveloped virus that causes jaundice, fever, and abdominal pain in humans. Usually spread by consuming food or water contaminated with infected feces.
18	Human coxsackievirus A6, strain Gdula	ATCC VR-1801	A non-enveloped virus that may cause asymptomatic infection or may cause diarrhea, rashes, and Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD). It is well known to cause HFMD outbreaks, which often occur in a cyclical pattern, every 2-3 years, in various countries.
19	Human enterovirus 71, strain H	ATCC VR-1432	A non-enveloped virus that may cause asymptomatic infection or may cause diarrhea, rashes, and Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD). It is well known to cause HFMD outbreaks, which often occur in a cyclical pattern, every 2-3 years, in various countries.
20	Human rhinovirus 37, strain 151-1	ATCC VR-1607	A non-enveloped virus transmitted through direct and indirect contact and through aerosolization of particles. Known to cause respiratory syndromes.
21	Murine norovirus, strain S99 Berlin	FLI-RVB-0651	A non-enveloped virus that causes enteric infection in mice. Murine norovirus infection can result in weight loss, hunched posture and even death in mice.
22	Poliovirus type 1, strain LSc- 2ab	NIBSC-01/528	Vaccine containing live attenuated non-eveloped poliovirus of the Sabin strain type 1 (LS-c, 2ab). Poliovirus causes the well- known poliomyelitis, a disease that affects the brain and spinal cord causing paralysis.
23	Porcine parvovirus , strain NADL-2	FLI-RVB-1258	A non-enveloped virus that causes infectious infertility in pigs. It multiplies normally in the intestine of the pig without causing clinical signs.
24	Rodent protaparvovirus 1 / Murine parvovirus, strain prototype (p)	ATCC VR-1346	Parvovirus are known to be resistant to physico-chemical treatment. Parvovirus, such as mouse minute virus (MVM)  appear to be among the most highly resistant of the virus  families to heat inactivation in liquids.
25	Rotavirus A, strain WA	ATCC VR-2018	A contagious non-enveloped virus that causes gastroenteritis. Strain WA is the human rotavirus. Usually spread by consuming food or water contaminated with infected feces.

Standard Test Methods/Equipment/Techniques

EN 13727+A2(E)

EN 13624(E)

EN 1275(E)

EN 1276(E)

EN 14348(E)

EN 1040(E)

EN 1650(E)

EN 1657(E)

EN 13697+A1(E)

EN 14561(E)

EN 14652(E)

EN 14563(E)

EN 14204(E)

EN 1656(E)

EN 14349(E)

EN 16438(E)

EN 1499(E)

EN 1500(E)

EN 12791+A1(E)

EN 13704(E)

EN 16615(E)

VAH Method 7

VAH Method 8

VAH Method 9

VAH Method 14.1

VAH Method 14.2

VAH Method 15

TGA

ASTM D7907-14

ISO 18593(E)

TM-7.2.32 In-house method based on Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination

EN 16437+A1(E)

EN 14675(E)

EN 14476+A2(E)

EN 17111(E)

EN ISO 21530

Select from a Collection of 164 Microorganisms  for Your Disinfectant Effcacy Testing
NO	Strain	Reference Culture	Description
Bacteria
1	Achromobacter xylosoxidans	ATCC 27061	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in moist  environment. Causes otitis media, pneumonia,  pharyngitis and urinary tract infections. Also causes  HAls
2	Acinetobacter baumannii, multidrug- resistant	ATCC BAA-1605	Antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacteria.  Survives a wide range of environmental conditions  for prolonged periods. Causes HAis such as  pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infection and  wound infection.
3	Acinetobacter lwoffii	ATCC 15309	Gram-negative bacteria that is considered  normal skin flora. Inhabits the human oropharynx  and perineum of up to 25% of the population. Causes catheter associated infections in  immunocompromised patients.
4	Aeromonas caviae	ATCC 15468	Gram-negative bacteria found in salt water, shellfish,  meat, dairy products, fresh vegetables and domestic  animals. Causes bacteremia, hepatobiliary tract  infections and soft-tissue infections.
5	Aeromonas hydrophila	ATCC 35654	Gram-negative bacteria found in fresh or brackish  water in warmer climates. An opportunistic pathogen  in humans but a major fish and amphibian pathogen.
6	Alcaligenes faecalis	ATCC 35655	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in the  environment. An opportunistic pathogen that causes  urinary tract infection. Generally considered as non- pathogenic
7	Bordetella bronchiseptica	ATCC 10580	Gram-negative bacteria. Causes infectious bronchitis  in dogs, cats and other animals but rarely infects  humans. Generally resistant to macrolide antibiotics.
8	Brevundimonas diminuta	ATCC 11568	Gram-negative bacteria commonly used as a  test organism for validation of sterilising-grade  membrane filters due to the small size of the  bacterium. Generally considered as non-pathogenic.
9	Burkholderia cepacia	ATCC 25416	Gram-negative bacteria. An opportunistic human  pathogen that most often causes pneumonia in  immunocompromised individuals with underlying  lung disease.
10	Campylobacter coli, fluoroquinolone- resistant	ATCC BAA-370	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in the  intestinaltract of animals. Causes inflammation  of the intestine and diarrhoea in animals and  humans. Usually treated with antibiotics, however  fluoroquinolone-resistant strain is causing serious  antibiotic-resistance concern.
11	Cedecea neteri	ATCC 33855	Gram-negative organism found in bodily fluids,  wounds, infected lungs and gall bladders of  immunocompromised patients.
12	Citrobacter freundii	ATCC 43864	Gram-negative bacteria. Common component of the  gut microbiome of healthy humans. Some strains  are associated with nosocomial infections of the  respiratory and urinary tract in immunocompromised patients.
13	Citrobacter koseri	ATCC 27156	Gram-negative bacillus found in normal human  flora and in the digestive tract. It is anaerobic but is  capable or aerobic respiration. Can be transferred  from mother to fetus and to neonatal children.  Causes meningitis, seizures and sepsis.
14	Corynebacterium minutissimum	ATCC 23348	Gram-positive bacteria that is a component of  normal skin flora.  Causes superficial skin infection  (erythrasma), presented as reddish-brown patches.
15	Corynebacterium renale	ATCC BAA-1785	Gram-positive bacteria highly sensitive to a range of  antibiotics including penicillin and cephalosporins.  Causes cystitis and pyelonephritis in cattle.
16	Corynebacterium xerosis	ATCC 373	Gram-positive bacteria that rarely causes infection  in humans. Found in the normal flora of human skin.  Causes bacteremia,  endocarditis, skin infections and  pneumonia among immunocompromised individuals.
17	Delftia acidovorans	ATCC 43868	Gram-negative bacillus rarely pathogenic.  Infections commonly occur in hospitalized or  immuncompromised patients. Often resistant  to aminoglycosides, therefore early diagnosis is  necessary for recovery.
18	Edwardsiella tarda	ATCC 15947	Gram-negative bacteria found in water, mud, pond  and theintestine of fish and other marineanimals. Causes gastroenteritis, peritonitis and meningitis in  humans.
19	Elizabethkingia meningoseptica	ATCC 13253	Gram-negative bacteria found in fresh and salt water  and soil. Causes outbreaks of meningitis in premature newborns and infants in neonatal intensive care units.
20	Enterobacter aerogenes	ATCC 13048	Gram-negative bacteria usually found in human  gastrointestinal tract. An opportunistic pathogen  that causes bacteremia, skin and soft-tissue infections, urinary tract infections, osteomyelitis, ophthalmicinfections.
21	Enterobacter amnigenus	ATCC 51816	Gram-negative bacteria found in drinking/  surface water and soil. Causes sepsis and  urinary and respiratory tract infections among  immunocompromised patients.
22	Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae	ATCC 13047	Gram-negative bacteria usually found in human  gastrointestinal tract. An opportunistic pathogen  that causes bacteremia, skin and soft-tissue infections, urinary tract infections, osteomyelitis, ophthalmic infections.
23	Enterobacter gergoviae	ATCC 33028	Gram-negative bacteria usually found in human  gastrointestinal tract. An opportunistic pathogen  that commonly causes urinary tract infections, fever  and bacteremia.
24	Enterobacter hormaechei	ATCC 700323	Gram-negative bacteria commonly causing  nosocomial infections including sepsis.
25	Enterococcus casseliflavus	ATCC 25788	Gram-positive bacteria found in the intestines of  healthy people. An opportunistic pathogen that  causes wound infection and urinary tract infection.
26	Enterococcus faecalis	ATCC 19433	Gram-positive bacteria usually found in human  gastrointestinal tract. Causes HAis such as  endocarditis, septicaemia, urinary tract infections, meningitis.
27	Enterococcus Faecalis, antibiotic- resistant strain	ATCC 51575	Gram-positive bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract. Increasing resistance to vancomycin detected. Frequently found in reinfected  root canal treated teeth and are known to survive harsh conditions.
28	Enterococcus  Faecium	ATCC 6057	Gram-positive bacteria usually found in human  gastrointestinal tract. Causes neonatal meningitis, endocarditis.
29	Enterococcus  faecium, vancomycin- resistant	ATCC 700221	Antimicrobial-resistant Enterococci variant. Not  generally virulent but resistance to antimicrobial drugs complicates treatment. Causes urinary tract  infections, bacteremia.
30	Enterococcus gallinarum	ATCC 49573	Gram-positive bacteria intrinsically resistant to  low levels of vancomycin. Causes bacteremia and  infection among immunosuppressed patients.
31	Enterococcus hirae	ATCC 10541	Gram-positive bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract. Opportunistic pathogen that  causes endocarditis and urinary tract infection.
32	Enterococcus raffinosus	ATCC 49464	Gram-positive bacteria found in the normal intestinal  flora of humans and animals. Causes infection among  immunosuppressed patients and is increasingly  resistant to antibiotics.
33	Escherichia coli	ATCC 10536	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract, expelled through fecal matter. Can cause severe food poisoning when ingested.
34	Escherichia coli (Migula)	ATCC 8739	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract, expelled through fecal matter. Causes severefood poisoning when ingested.
35	Escherichia coli  K12	NCTC 10538	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract, expelled through fecal matter. Can cause severe food poisoning when ingested.
36	Escherichia coli	NCTC 8196	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract, expelled through fecal matter. Causes severefood poisoning when ingested.
37	Escherichia coli O157:H7	ATCC 43888	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract, expelled through fecal matter. Can causeseverefood poisoning when ingested.
38	Escherichia coli, antibiotic-resistant  strain	ATCC BAA-2469	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract expelled through fecal matter. Somestrains areresistant to a broad spectrumof  carbapenemand colistin antibiotics (often used as a  last resort antibiotic).
39	Exiguobacterium mexicanum	ATCC 49676	Gram-positivebacteria isolated frombrineshrimp. Significantly improves thesurvival of Artemia.
40	Haemophilus influenza	ATCC 10211	Gram-negative bacteria. Most strains are opportunistic pathogens and usually livein their host  without causing diseases.
41	Haemophilus influenzae, ampicillin- resistant	ATCC 43335	Gram-negative bacteria often found in the upper  respiratory system of humans. Opportunistic  pathogen to have gained resistance to penicillin  family of antibiotics.
42	Hafnia alvei	ATCC 51815	Gram-negative bacteria often found in the  gastrointestinal tract Rarely pathogenic in humans  but may cause disease in immunocompromised  patients. Often resistant to multiple antibiotics  including aminopenicillins.
43	Helicobacter pylori, clarithromycin-  resistant	ATCC 700684	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in the  stomach. Linked to duodenal ulcers and stomach  cancer and identified as the main cause of  gastroduodenal diseases. Resistant to clarithromycin.
44	Klebsiella oxytoca	ATCC 13182	Gram-negative bacteria found in the environment,  mammals and insects. An opportunistic pathogen  known to colonise mucous membranes and skin.
45	Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.  pneumoniae	ATCC 13883	Gram-negative bacteria found in the normal flora  of the mouth and skin. Causes bronchopneumonia,  bronchitis among immunocompromised individuals  when inhaled.
46	Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.  pneumoniae (ESBL positive)	ATCC 700603	Gram-negative bacterium found in the normal  flora of the mouth, skin, and intestines. It can cause  destructive changes to human and animal lungs if  aspirated (inhaled), specifically to the alveoli (in the  lungs) resulting in bloody sputum.
47	Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem- resistant	NCTC 13438	Gram-negative bacteria found in the normal flora of  the mouth, skin and intestines. Causes bloody sputum  if inhaled by humans and animals. Often resistant to  multiple antibiotics and now carbapenem.
48	Kocuria rhizophila, streptomycin- resistant	ATCC 9341a	Gram-positive bacteria commonly found in the  environment, the human skin and oropharynx  mucosa. Causes sepsis.  Possible infection when in  contact with contaminated meat and dust.
49	Kocuria rosea	ATCC 186	Gram-positive bacteria found in soil and  water. Causes opportunistic infections among  immunocompromised patients.
50	Leclercia adecarboxylata	ATCC 23216	Rare Gram-negative bacteria found in water  environments. Infects immunocompromised  individuals usually attacking the soft-tissue of the  foot.
51	Listeria innocua	NCTC 11288	Gram-positive bacteria found in the environment and  food sources. Non-pathogenic in character.
52	Listeria monocytogenes	ATCC 13932	Gram-positive bacteria capable of surviving with or  without oxygen. Causes bacterial infections affecting  the central nervous system when ingested through  contaminated and raw food.
53	Micrococcus luteus	ATCC 10240	Gram-positive bacteria found in soil, water, dust and  air. The bacterium also colonises the human mouth, mucosae, oropharynx and upper respiratory tract.
54	Moraxella catarrhalis	ATCC 25238	Gram-negative bacteria. Causes infections of the  respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous  system, and joints in humans.
55	Morganella morganii	ATCC 25829	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in  the intestinal tracts of humans, mammals and  reptiles. An uncommon cause of infection but often  encountered in postoperative nosocomial settings  causing urinary tract infections.
56	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	ATCC 49981	Gram-negative bacteria. Of the 11  species, only 2  are  pathogenic. Causes gonorrhea and is transmitted  through sexual contact.
57	Neisseria gonorrhoeae, cephalosporin­ resistant	CDC SPL-4	Gram-negative bacteria that causes infection of the  genitals, throat and eyes. Resistant to penicillin. Current treatment is with cephalosporin. Efforts to  develop vaccine is underway.
58	Pantoea agglomerans  (Enterobacter agglomerans)	ATCC 27155	Gram-negative bacteria isolated from plant surfaces, seeds, fruits, and animal and human feces. Causes  wound, blood, and urinary-tract infections among  immunocompromised patients.
59	Pasteurella multocida	ATCC 12945	Gram-negative bacteria that affects mammals and  birds. Causes fowl cholera and atrophic rhinitis in pigs  and bovine hemorrhagic septicemia.
60	Proteus mirabilis	ATCC 12453	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in soil and  water. Causes kidney stones, nosocomial wound  infections, septicemia and pneumonia.
61	Proteus vulgaris	ATCC 13315	Gram-negative bacteria found in intestinaltracts of  humans and animals, soil, water and fecal matter. Causes wound infections.
62	Proteus vulgaris	NCTC 4635	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract. Causes wound infections  and urinary tract infections contracted from  contaminated water, soil or fecal matter.
63	Proteus vulgaris OX19	ATCC 6380	Gram-negative bacteria found in human  gastrointestinal tract. Causes wound infections  and urinary tract infections contracted from  contaminated water, soil or fecal matter.
64	Providencia alcalifaciens	ATCC 51902	Gram-negative bacteria found in gastrointestinal  tract. Commonly causes diarrhea in children and  travelers.
65	Providencia stuartii	ATCC 33672	Gram-negative bacteria found in soil, water and  sewage. An opportunistic pathogen seen in patients  with severe burns or long-term indwelling urinary  catheters. P stuartiisepticemia is primarily of urinary  origin.
66	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	ATCC 15442	Common, opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria  that causes diseases in plants, animals and humans.  Commonly associated with nosocomial infections  such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and sepsis  syndromes.
67	Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter)	ATCC 9027	Common, opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria  that causes diseases in plants, animals and humans.  Commonly associated with nosocomial infections  such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and sepsis  syndromes.
68	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	NCTC 6749	Common, opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria  that causes diseases in plants, animals and humans.  Commonly associated with nosocomial infections  such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and sepsis  syndromes.
69	Pseudomonas aeruginosa,  carbapenem-resistant	ATCC BAA-2108	Gram-negative bacteria that causes pneumonia,  bloodstream infections, surgical site infections and  urinary tract infections. Carbapenem is the 'last line  of defence' against gram-negative bacteria but is  increasingly ineffective against P. aeruginosa.
70	Pseudomonas fluorescens	ATCC 13525	Common gram-negative bacteria found in  soil and water. Causes bacteremia among  immunocompromised patients typically cancer  patients. Known to cause fin rot in fish
71	Pseudomonas putida	ATCC 31483	Gram-negative bacteria found in soil and water.  Generally non-pathogenic but have been detected in  cases of chronic sinusitis in humans and dorsal ulcer  in fish.
72	Pseudomonas stutzeri	ATCC 17588	Gram-negative bacteria found in soil. Rarely causes  infection but is known to have caused skin infections  and prosthetic bone replacements infection in  humans.
73	Ralstonia insidiosa	ATCC 49129	Gram-negative bacteria widely present in aqueous  environments including medical water purification  systems. A strong biofilm producer.
74	Rhodococcus equi	ATCC 6939	Gram-positive bacterium and commonly found in dry  and dusty soiꢄ. Causes pneumonia in foals and has  been known to infect wild boar and domestic pigs. Generalꢄy causes infection in grazing animals but  has recently emerged as an important pathogen in  immunocompromised humans.
75	Salmonella bongori	ATCC 43975	Gram-negative bacteria. Commonly causes  gastrointestinal disease characterised by cramping  and diarrhea.
76	Salmonella enterica subsp.arizonae	ATCC 13314	Gram-negative bacteria usually found in the  guts of reptiꢄes. Causes gastroenteritis among  immunocompromised individuals.
77	Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica  serovar Choleraesuis	ATCC 10708	Gram-negative bacteria known to cause food- borne infection. Some are increasingly resistant to  antibiotics.
78	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica  serovar Typhimurium	ATCC 14028	Gram-negative bacteria. Often infects humans,  cattle, swine, sheep, horses, rodents and galliformes.
79	Serratia liquefaciens	ATCC 27592	Gram-negative bacteria found in soil, water, plants  and the digestive tracts of rodents, insects, fish  and humans. Rare pathogen to cause nosocomia infections usually due to poor hygiene.
80	Serratia marcescens	ATCC 13880	Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in damp  environments such as bathrooms and sink. Causes  catheter-associated bacteremia, urinary tract  infections and wound infections.
81	Shigella boydii	ATCC 9207	Gram-negative bacteria found in the intestine and  rectum of humans and other primates. Causes  bacillary dysentery.
82	Shigella flexneri	ATCC 12022	Gram-negative bacteria found in water from ponds,  lakes, or untreated swimming pools. Causes diarrhea,  fever and abdominal pain.
83	Shigella sonnei	ATCC 29930	Gram-negative bacteria usually found in human  gastrointestinal tract. Causes diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain.
84	Sphingomonas paucimobilis	ATCC 29837	Gram-negative bacteria found in aqueous and  terrestrial habitats and plant root systems. Typically  produces yellow or off-white pigmented colonies. Causes wound infections, meningitis, catheter  associated bacteremia, ventilator associated  pneumonia and urinary tract infection.
85	Staphylococcus aureus	NCTC 4163	Gram-positive bacteria found in the normal flora  of the skin and mucous membranes. Opportunistic  pathogen and common cause of HAis in hospitals.
86	Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus	ATCC 6538	Gram-positive bacteria found in the normalflora  of the skin and mucous membranes. Opportunistic  pathogen and common cause of HAis in hospitals.
87	Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus  (MR5A)	ATCC 33591	Antimicrobial-resistant variant of S. aureus. Causes  skin and soft-tissue infections and a serious form of  pneumonia. Opportunistic pathogen and common  cause of HAis.
88	Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus,  gentamicin and methicilin-resistant	ATCC 33592	Gram-positive bacteria known to cause nosocomial infection. Almost entirely resistant against methicillin  (MRSA). The emergence of gentamicin resistant  species (GS-MRSA) is now a global issue.
89	Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, methicillin-resistant; reduced  vancomycin susceptibility	ATCC 700699	MRSA with reduced Vancomycin susceptibility  (VISA) has been reported in several countries.  VISA isolates are rare but some strains have been  discovered to have a subpopulation of resistant cells  (heterogeneous VISA-hVISA).
90	Staphylococcus capitis	ATCC 35661	Gram-positive bacteria that is part of the normal flora of the skin of the human scalp, face, neck, and  ears. Causes prosthetic valve endocarditis among  immunocompromised individuals.
91	Staphylococcus epidermidis	ATCC 12228	Gram-positive bacteria found in the normal flora of the skin. Causes infection among  immunocompromised individuals especially those  with catheters or surgical implants as the pathogen  forms biofilms that grow on these devices.
92	Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin-resistant	ATCC 51625	Antimicrobial-resistant variant of S. epidermidis.  Causes infection in those with catheters or surgical implants as the pathogen forms biofilms that grow  on these devices.
93	Staphylococcus haemolyticus, strain SM 131	ATCC 29970	Gram-positive bacterium. It is part of the skin flora  of humans, and its largest populations are usually  found at the axillae, perineum, and inguinal areas. It  is a well-known opportunistic pathogen. Infections  can be localized or systemic, and are often associated  with the insertion of medical devices.
94	Staphylococcus lugdunensis	ATCC 49576	Gram-positive bacteria that contributes to biofilm  formation which may be helpfulto the surrounding  ecosystem, but not the host. Causes osteomyelitis,  arthritis, septicaemia, wound infections and  endocarditis. Increasing antibiotics-resistance has  been reported.
95	Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp.  saprophyticus	ATCC 15305	Gram-positive bacteria found in the normal flora  of the female genital tract and perineum. Common  cause of urinary tract infections.
96	Staphylococcus sciuri subsp. sciuri	ATCC 29061	Gram-positive bacteria found in soil, water, sand, animal skin and human urine. Causes endocarditis, peritonitis, septic shock and wound infections.
97	Staphylococcus simulans	ATCC 27851	Gram-positive bacteria occasionally found on human  skin and in the urethras of healthy women. Rarely  identified with infections but on infrequent occasions  has been isolated from clinical specimens such as  blood and urine.
98	Staphylococcus warneri	ATCC 49454	Gram-positive bacteria found in as part of the skin  flora on humans and animals. Causes infections  usually in association with the presence of implant  materials.
99	Stenotrophomonas maltophila	ATCC 13636	Uncommon Gram-negative bacteria that frequently  colonises humid surfaces such as the tubes used  in mechanical ventilation and indwelling urinary  catheters. Human infection is diffcult to treat due to  its natural resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics.
100	Streptococcus agalactiae	ATCC 12386	Gram-positive bacteria also identified as GBS. Harmless commensal bacterium being part of the  human microbiota colonising the gastrointestinal  and genitourinary tract. An opportunistic bacteria  that causes serious illness for the mother during  pregnancy and neonatal infection in the baby.
101	Streptococcus bovis	ATCC 33317	Gram-positive bacteria found in the gastrointestinal  tract. Causes endocarditis, urinary tract infections  and colorectalcancer.
102	Streptococcus dysgalactiae	ATCC 12388	Gram-positive bacteria found in the mouth, vagina, and skin of healthy animals. Causes bone and joint  infections and bovine mastitis.
103	Streptococcus gallolyticus	ATCC 49147	Gram-positive bacteria found in the gastrointestinal  tract. Causes endocarditis, urinary tract infections  and colorectalcancer.
104	Streptococcus mutans	ATCC 25175	Gram-positive bacteria found in the human oral  cavity. Causes tooth decay
105	Streptococcus oralis	ATCC 6249	Gram-positive bacteria found in the human oral  cavity. An opportunistic pathogen that causes  bacterial endocarditis, adult respiratory distress  syndrome and streptococcal shock. Increasingly  resistant to antibiotics
106	Streptococcus pneumoniae	NCIMB 13286	Gram-positive bacteria that resides in healthy carriers  typically colonizing the respiratory tract, sinuses, and  nasal cavity. Causes community acquired pneumonia  and meningitis among immunocompromised  individuals.
107	Streptococcus pneumoniae, low level penicillin-resistant	ATCC 49619	Gram-positive bacteria that is a clone of S. pneumoniae emerging from Switzerland. Leading  cause of potentially life-threatening community- acquired diseases.
108	Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin- resistant	ATCC 700903	Most common cause of community-acquired  respiratory-tract infection, causing meningitis  and otitis media. Many isolates develop multidrug  resistant species (MDRSP) causing huge problems in  healthcare facilities.
109	Streptococcus pyrogenes	ATCC 12344	Gram-positive bacteria found in human respiratory  tract. An opportunistic pathogen that causes  suppurative infections in immunocompromised  individuals.
110	Streptococcus salivarius	ATCC 13419	Gram-positive bacteria found in the mouth and  upper respiratory tract of humans. An opportunistic  pathogen that causes sepsis in people with  neutropenia when introduced to the bloodstream.
111	Streptococcus uberis (Diernhofer)	ATCC 700407	A Gram-positive bacteria responsible for a high  percentage of mastitis in dairy cattle. Rarely  associated with human infections.
112	Vibrio parahaemolyticus	ATCC 17802	Gram-negative bacteria found in brackish saltwater. Causes gastrointestinal illness in humans. Infection  occurs through ingestion of bacteria in raw or  undercooked seafood, usually oysters.
113	Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica	ATCC 23715	Gram-negative bacteria. Causes mild enterocolitis  or terminal ileitis and adenitis in humans. Acquired  through consumption of insufficiently cooked pork or  contaminated water, meat, or milk.
Bacteria spore / vegetative
114	Bacillus cereus	ATCC 12826	Gram-positive bacterium normally found in soil. Produces endospores that are highly resistant to  adverse environmentalconditions. Not a common  pathogen.
115	Bacillus licheniformis	ATCC 14580	Bacterial spore. Bacteria commonly found in the  soil and bird feathers, especially chest and back  plumage of sparrows and ducks. Bacteria important  in industrialenzyme production.
116	Bacillus pumilus	ATCC 14884	Bacterial spore. Bacteria commonly found in the  soil and colonise the roots of certain plants. Human  infection is rare. Shows antibacterial and antifungal  activitiesꢃ
117	Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii	ATCC 6633	Gram-positive bacterium normally found in soilꢃ Produces endospores that are highly resistant to  adverse environmental conditions. Not a common  pathogenꢃ
118	Clostridium difficile	ATCC 43598	Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore forming bacteria  found in human intestines. Commonly causes  nosocomial diarrhoea and sepsis. The spores can  survive outside the body for months on inanimate  surfacesꢃ
119	Clostridium sporogenes	ATCC 11437	Gram-positive bacterium normally found in soilꢃ  Produces endospores that are highly resistant to  adverse environmental conditions. Not a common  pathogenꢃ
Yeast
120	Candida albicans	ATCC 10231	Dimorphic fungus found in the normal flora of the  human gastrointestinal tractꢃ Causes candidiasis  among immunocompromised individuals, commonly  affecting mucous membranes in the mouth and  vaginaꢃ
121	Candida auris	CDC B11903	A type of yeast that causes candidiasis in humans,  often multidrug resistant. Some species have  become resistant to all 3 main classes of anti-fungal  medicationsꢃ
122	Candida glabrata	ATCC 15126	An opportunistic pathogen that forms part of  normal human microflora. Causes urogenital  tract infection and bloodstream infection among  immunocompromised patientsꢃ
123	Candida guilliermondii	ATCC 6260	An uncommon opportunistic pathogen most often  associated with onychomycosis, a fungalinfection of  the nail. Increasingly exhibits decreased susceptibility  to antifungal agentsꢃ
124	Candida krusei	ATCC 14243	Yeast found in fruits, soil, dairy and meat products,  pickles and recently in immunocompromised  patients. Less dominant than C. albicans.
125	Candida lusitaniae	ATCC 66035	An uncommon pathogen that causes fungemia  and candidemia. Bone marrow transplant and  chemotherapy present as risk factors for this  organism.
126	Candida parapsilosis	ATCC 22019	Yeast found in soil, insects and domestic animals.  Causes sepsis and wound and tissue infections in  immunocompromised patients.
127	Candida tropicalis	ATCC 13803	Commonly found in seawater, mud, marine fish  intestine, mangrove plants and shrimp. Causes  bloodstream infection and less commonly, tissue  invasive candidiasis.
128	Cryptococcus gattii	ATCC MYA-4560	Yeast mostly found in tropical and sub-tropical  climates. Causes lung infection, central nervous  system infection and occasional skin, bone and joint  infections.
129	Cryptococcus neoformans	ATCC 13690	An encapsulated yeast that lives in plants and  animals, often found in bird excrement. Causes lung  infections among immunocompromised patients.
130	Rhodotorula mucilaginosa	ATCC 66034	Frequently found in soil, water, milk and fruit  juice. Causes fungemia, sepsis, endophthalmitis,  catheter infections, peritonitis and meningitis in  immunocompromised patients.
131	Saccharomyces cerivisiae	ATCC 18824	A type of yeast commonly used in baking, brewing,  winemaking and general fermentation process.  Found on ripe fruits such as grapes.
Fungus
132	Aspergillus brasiliensis	ATCC 16404	Black fungus commonly found in soil and indoor  environments and is a common contaminant of food.  Causes lung diseases and otomycosis or fungal ear  infections in humans.
133	Aspergillus fumigatus	ATCC 204305	A type of fungus commonly found in soil and grows  on plants, rotting vegetable, building materials and  food items. Causes respiratory illnesses, bloodstream  infections and allergic diseases.
134	Aspergillus ustus	ATCC 10760	An opportunistic microfungus commonly found in  indoor environments and soil. Commonly causes  onychomycosis and otitis media and rarely causes  serious infections.
135	Aureobasidium pullulans var.  melanigenum	ATCC 15233	Black, yeast-like fungus found in soil, water,  air and limestone. Chronic human exposure  through humidifiers or air conditioners can lead  to hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Condition is  characterised by dyspnea, cough, fever, and acute  infiammatory reaction.
136	Cladosporium cladosporioides	ATCC 16022	A dark mold that grows on a wide range of materials  indoors and outdoors. Rarely causes an infection in  humans but commonly attacks plants such as grapes  and strawberries.
137	Microsporum canis	ATCC 36299	A type of fungus that can infect all mammals. It  feeds on keratin found on skin, hair and nails and  can survive for up to 15 months.  It is well known for  causing ringworms on the skin.
138	Penicillium chrysogenum	ATCC 10106	Fungus commonly found in indoor environments,  especially in damp or water-damaged buildings. Non- pathogenic in character.
139	Scopulariopsis acremonium	ATCC 58636	Fungus commonly found in soil, decaying wood, and  various other plant and animal products. Associated  with infection of nails.
140	Trichophyton mentagrophytes	ATCC 9533	A type of fungus that is pathogenic in nature. It  affects both animals and humans.Typically causes  infections that affect the feet, face and body. One  well known infection is athlete's foot.
141	Trichosporon mucoides	ATCC 204094	A type of fungus found in soil and water. Known to  cause onychomycosis, a fungal infection of the nail  and white piedra or fungal infection of the hair.
142	Zygosaccharomyces rouxii	ATCC 28253	A type of yeast that thrives in saline and sugar-dense  environments. Used in the fermentation of soybeans  during the brewing process of soy sauce, and in the  production of miso.
Mycobacteria
143	Mycobacterium avium	ATCC 15769	Mycobacteria found in soil and water. Causes  respiratory illness in immunocompromised  individuals. Entry into host is usually through the  gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tracts.
144	Mycobacterium bovis (BCG)	ATCC 35743	An aerobic bacterium and causative agent of  tuberculosis in cattle and human. The weaker strain  derived from cows is used as BCG vaccine to prevent  tuberculosis.
145	Mycobacterium fortuitum	ATCC 6841	A nontuberculous mycobacteria that grows rapidly.  Commonly found in soil and water. Causes skin  diseases, inflammation of the bone, joint and eye  infections.
146	Mycobacterium peregrinum	ATCC 700686	A nontuberculous mycobacteria that grows rapidly.  Commonly found in soil and water. Causes surgical  site infections and catheter related infections.
147	Mycobacterium smegmatis	ATCC 14468	Mycobacteria found in soil and water. Generally  considered non-pathogenic but possesses similar  structural features of more virulent mycobacteria.
148	Mycobacterium terrae	ATCC 15755	Mycobacteria found in soil and water.  Causes debilitating disease of the joints, tendons, lungs,  gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract and  antibiotic-resistant skin infections.
Virus (Enveloped)
149	Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV),  strain: NADL	ATCC VR-534	An enveloped virus that typically causes abortions,  stillbirth, weak newborns, foetal resorption and  congenital abnormalities in cattle.
150	Felinecoronavirus, strain Munich	FLI-RVB-1259	An enveloped virus highly prevalent in cats.  Responsible for feline infectious peritonitis, a highly  fatal disease.
151	Human cytomegalovirus, strain AD-169	ATCC VR-538	An enveloped virus that is transmitted through  mucous membrane contact.  Leads to encephalitis,  retinitis, hepatitis, nephritis and colitis.
152	Human herpesvirus 1, strain:  F	ATCC VR 733	A highly contagious virus.  Most infections are oral herpes acquired during childhood and they last lifelong. Symptoms include blisters or open sores in  or around the mouth.
153	Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), strain long	ATCC VR-26	An enveloped virus known to cause acute lower  respiratory tract infections in children younger than 2  years. Transmitted when droplets of cough or sneeze are transferred to the eyes, nose or mouth.
154	Human simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), strain G	ATCCVR-734	An enveloped virus that causes genital herpes.  Mainly  transmitted through contact with genital surfaces,  skin, sores or fluids of someone infected with the virus.  Infection is lifelong and incurable.
155	Influenza A virus (H3N2)	ATCC VR-544	An enveloped virus that causes influenza in birds including domestic poultry and some mammals. On  occasion, aquatic birds pass the virus to domestic  poultry, giving rise to human influenza pandemics.
156	Influenza B virus	ATCC VR-823	An enveloped virus that causes seasonal influenza which is characterized by a sudden onset of fever,  cough (usually dry),  headache,  muscle and joint pain,  severe malaise (feeling unwell), sore throat, and a runny nose.  Seasonal influenza spreads easily, with  rapid transmission in crowded areas.
157	Vaccinia virus, strain MVA	ATCC VR-1508	An enveloped virusthatcausessmallpox, an illness characterized by the eruption of small pock-like lesions throughout the skin and internal organs.  Was eventually responsible for the eradication of  smallpox.
Virus (Non-Enveloped)
158	Adenovirus type 5, strain adenoid 75	ATCC VR-5	A non-enveloped virus that causes  conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, myocarditis, and pneumonia. Virus is endemic  in the general population and frequently infects  immunocompromised patients, especially pediatric  patients.
159	Bovine enterovirus type 1 (ECBO), strain LCR-4	ATCC VR-248	A non-enveloped virus that causes reproductive, gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in cattle. Most have low virulence.
160	Human enterovirus 71, strain H	ATCC VR-1432	A non-enveloped virus from Picornaviridae family  that may cause asymptomatic infection or may  cause diarrhea, rashes, and Hand, Foot, and Mouth  Disease (HFMD). EV71 is well known to cause HFMD  outbreaks, which often occur in a cyclical pattern, every 2-3 years, in various countries.
161	Human rhinovirus 37,strain 151-1	ATCC VR-1607	A non-enveloped virus transmitted through direct  and indirect contact and through aerosolization of  particles. Known to cause respiratory syndromes.
162	Murine norovirus, strain S99 Berlin	FLI-RVB-0651	A non-enveloped virus that causes enteric infection in  mice. Murine norovirus infection can result in weight  loss, hunched posture and even death in mice.
163	Poliovirus type 1, LSc-2ab	NIBSC-01/528	Vaccine containing live attenuated non-eveloped  poliovirus of the Sabin strain type 1 (LS-c, 2ab). Poliovirus causes the well-known poliomyelitis, a  disease that affects the brain and spinal cord causing  paralysis.
164	Rodent protaparvovirus 1 / Murine  parvovirus,strain prototype (p)	ATCC VR-1346	Parvovirus are known to be resistant to physico­ chemical treatment. Parvovirus, such as mouse  minute virus (MVM) appear to be among the  most highly resistant of the virus families to heat  inactivation in liquids.